Geraniums 101: A Complete Guide to Growing and Caring for Geranium Plants

December 2023

Geraniums, with their vibrant blooms and aromatic leaves, are a classic choice for gardens, balconies, and window boxes. Known for their versatility and ease of care, geraniums (Pelargonium spp.) have become beloved additions to gardens around the world. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about growing and caring for geranium plants to ensure they thrive and bring continuous beauty to your outdoor spaces.

1. Choosing the Right Geranium Variety:

Geraniums come in various types, each with its unique characteristics. Common varieties include zonal geraniums, ivy geraniums, and scented geraniums. Choose the type that suits your aesthetic preferences and the specific conditions of your garden.

2. Planting Geraniums:

Location:

Geraniums thrive in well-drained soil and require at least six hours of sunlight daily.
Ensure the planting area has good air circulation to prevent diseases.

Soil:

Use a well-draining potting mix for containers or amend garden soil with organic matter for in-ground planting.

Planting Depth:

When transplanting geraniums, plant them at the same depth they were in their previous container.

Spacing:

Space geraniums according to their specific variety, typically 12 to 18 inches apart.

3. Watering Geraniums:

Consistent Moisture: Geraniums prefer even moisture levels. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch.
Avoid Overwatering: Ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogged soil, which can lead to root rot.

4. Fertilizing Geraniums:

Balanced Fertilizer: Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer during the growing season.
Frequency: Fertilize geraniums every 4-6 weeks, following package instructions for application rates.

5. Pruning and Deadheading:

Deadheading: Remove spent flowers regularly to encourage continuous blooming.
Pruning: Pinch back leggy stems to promote bushiness. Prune in early spring to shape the plant.

6. Dealing with Pests and Diseases:

Common Pests: Keep an eye out for aphids, spider mites, and caterpillars. Use insecticidal soap for control.
Preventing Diseases: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal diseases.

7. Scented Geranium Care:

Aromatic Varieties: Scented geraniums, known for their fragrant leaves, require similar care but with a focus on the aromatic qualities.
Harvesting: Harvest scented geranium leaves for culinary or aromatic purposes.

8. Propagating Geraniums:

From Cuttings: Geraniums are easily propagated from stem cuttings. Take 4-6 inch cuttings and root them in well-draining soil.

9. Geranium Uses Beyond the Garden:

Indoor Decor: Bring potted geraniums indoors for colorful, fragrant blooms.
Natural Repellent: Scented geraniums can act as natural repellents for mosquitoes and other pests.

Growing and caring for geraniums is a gratifying experience that rewards gardeners with a profusion of colorful blooms and delightful fragrances. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your geraniums thrive, adding beauty and charm to your outdoor spaces. Embrace the versatility of geraniums and enjoy the endless possibilities they bring to your garden.